- I can synthesize information from my research notes onto a planning graphic organizer. (RI.4.9, W.4.2, W.4.5, W.4.8)
- I can group together facts from my research with related evidence in my informative piece. (RI.4.9, W.4.2)
These are the CCS Standards addressed in this lesson:
- RI.4.9: Integrate information from two texts on the same topic in order to write or speak about the subject knowledgeably.
- W.4.2: Write informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas and information clearly.
- W.4.2a: Introduce a topic clearly and group related information in paragraphs and sections; include formatting (e.g., headings), illustrations, and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension.
- W.4.4: Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development and organization are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience.
- W.4.5: With guidance and support from peers and adults, develop and strengthen writing as needed by planning, revising, and editing.
- W.4.7: Conduct short research projects that build knowledge through investigation of different aspects of a topic.
- W.4.8: Recall relevant information from experiences or gather relevant information from print and digital sources; take notes and categorize information, and provide a list of sources.
- L.4.3: Use knowledge of language and its conventions when writing, speaking, reading, or listening.
- L.4.3c: Differentiate between contexts that call for formal English (e.g., presenting ideas) and situations where informal discourse is appropriate (e.g., small-group discussion).
Daily Learning Targets
Ongoing Assessment
- Informational Writing Planning graphic organizer (RI.4.9, W.4.2, W.4.4, W.4.5, W.4.8)
Agenda
Agenda | Teaching Notes |
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1. Opening A. Engaging the Writer: Creating an Informational Texts Anchor Chart (10 minutes) B. Reviewing Learning Targets (5 minutes) 2. Work Time A. Guided Practice: Planning the Introduction for an Informative Text (20 minutes) B. Guided Practice: Planning the Proof Paragraphs for an Informative Text (20 minutes) 3. Closing and Assessment A. Research Reflection (5 minutes) 4. Homework A. Choose an Informative QuickWrite prompt in your homework resources to respond to. B. Accountable Research Reading. Select a prompt and respond in the front of your independent reading journal. |
Purpose of lesson and alignment to standards:
How it builds on previous work:
Areas where students may need additional support:
Assessment guidance:
Down the road:
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In Advance
- Post: Performance Task anchor chart; Guiding Questions anchor chart; learning targets.
Tech and Multimedia
- Work Times A and B: Allow students to use an online graphic organizer such as Creately or ReadWriteThink's Webbing Tool to brainstorm, record, or share initial ideas about their characters.
- Work Times A and B: Students complete their graphic organizer in a word processing document, for example a Google Doc using Speech to Text facilities activated on devices, or using an app or software like Dictation.io.
- Work Time C: Digital research reflection: Students fill out a Google Form or write on a class Google Doc or Google Spreadsheet.
- Audio exit tickets: Students record their ideas in audio through free software or apps such as Voki, Audacity, or Garageband.
Supporting English Language Learners
Supports guided in part by CA ELD Standards 4.I.A.1, 4.I.A.3, 4.I.B.5, 4.I.B.6, 4.I.C.10, 4.I.C.11, 4.I.C.12, 4.II.A.1, 4.II.B.3
Important points in the lesson itself
- The basic design of this lesson supports ELLs in beginning to make U.S. writing conventions explicit, including the writing process and the "four-paragraph" essay structure.
- ELLs may find the writing process and "four-paragraph" essay challenging. ELLs may not be familiar with these conventions. In fact, many ELLs may be trained in writing conventions that are different. See suggested supports in the lesson.
Levels of support
For lighter support:
- Consider inviting students to participate in the writing process on a monitored social media network, where students plan, draft, and write a topic sentence, send it to a peer, revise it, and publish it.
For heavier support:
- Reassure students: "Today, we are going to learn a lot of new things about writing in the United States. We will learn about the writing process, informative essays, paragraphs, and types of sentences. As you learn, it's okay if you don't understand everything. Don't worry. Ask a lot of questions. We will do this together. Soon, you will understand more, and you will be an even better writer!"
Display and refer to these writing elements:
1. Writing process (plan, write, show a friend and the teacher, change the writing to make it better, share the writing)
2. How to write an informative piece with four or five paragraphs (writing about your expert group animal)
3. Types of sentences (topic and concluding statements and supporting details)
- Prep the Informational Writing Planning graphic by filling out selected portions with appropriate information from the expert group animal. Allow students to address the gaps in information. Alternatively, create an "Information Gap" activity for ELLs by completing half of the graphic organizer (Part A) for one group and completing the other half (Part B) for the other group. Make copies and distribute Part A to half of the students and Part B to the other half. Allow Part A students to mingle, asking questions about their gaps to Part B students, and vice versa. Example: "What details do you have about how the gazelle uses this defense mechanism?" Encourage students to share the information orally and then write the answers independently.
- Offer practice with U.S. writing conventions. Ask students to highlight topic and concluding statements in different colors when they read. Give them lists of varying supporting details and ask them to match them to the correct topic and concluding statements. Scramble the sentences in a paragraph and ask students to sequence them correctly.
- Students will see the Informational Writing Planning graphic organizer again on the End of Unit 2 Assessment. Continually model using this organizer, correct serious errors students make using the organizer, and offer additional practice using the organizer for homework.
- Language structures. Students will be asked to process complex directions during this and subsequent lessons. Highlight language structures that are critical to understanding directions. Examples: "using your expert group animal notes," "select the best evidence to include," "use quotations to explain and support the ideas." Work on comprehension of these structures--for example, by eliciting paraphrases of these structures.
Universal Design for Learning
- Multiple Means of Representation (MMR): In this lesson, support learners with auditory processing needs by writing keywords that students use during class discussions on the board as visual cues. Re-teach vocabulary as needed by providing students who may need additional support with a "cheat sheet" they can use to analyze words they see in today's learning targets and in during the lesson.
- Multiple Means of Action & Expression (MMAE): Support strategy development for writing by reviewing the steps of the writing process. Provide students with an individual "cheat sheet" that includes each step and blank space for them to draw a sketch that will help them remember what to do during that step in the writing process. Let them know that they will be working on the planning step during today's lesson. Show these students a sample of an informative piece so that they can see what they are working toward in terms of length and organization of the writing.
- Multiple Means of Engagement (MME): Support sustained engagement and effort by inviting students to recall and share the goal for the work they are doing during this lesson. Recall that students who may struggle with sustained effort and concentration are supported when these reminders are built into the learning environment.
Vocabulary
Key: (L): Lesson-Specific Vocabulary; (T): Text-Specific Vocabulary; (W): Vocabulary used in writing
- physical description (L)
Materials
- Model informational essay (one per student and one to display)
- Informational Texts anchor chart (new; co-created with students during Opening A)
- "Fight to Survive!" (from Unit 1; one per student and one to display)
- Performance Task anchor chart (from Unit 1, Lesson 1)
- Working to Contribute to a Better World anchor chart (from Unit 1, Lesson 1)
- Equity sticks
- Guiding Questions anchor chart (begun in Unit 1, Lesson 1)
- Expert Group Animal research notebooks (distributed in Lesson 1; one per student and one to display)
- Organizing Research note-catcher (from Lesson 5; pages 17-18)
- Informative Page Directions (one per student and one to display)
- Informative Writing Checklist (one per student and one to display)
- Informational Writing Planning graphic organizer (one per student and one to display)
- Informational Writing Planning graphic organizer (answers, for teacher reference)
- Millipede Informational Writing Planning graphic organizer (for teacher reference)
- Domain-Specific Word Wall (begun in Unit 1, Lesson 2)
- Index cards (one per student)
Assessment
Each unit in the 3-5 Language Arts Curriculum has two standards-based assessments built in, one mid-unit assessment and one end of unit assessment. The module concludes with a performance task at the end of Unit 3 to synthesize their understanding of what they accomplished through supported, standards-based writing.
Opening
Opening | Meeting Students' Needs |
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A. Engaging the Writer: Creating an Informational Texts Anchor Chart (10 minutes)
"What is the purpose of this essay?" (It is explaining how the millipede protects itself.) "What type of writing is this--narrative, opinion, or informative? Why?" (Informative because it explains a topic.)
"What is the purpose of informational texts?" "What do these texts have in common?"
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"In the United States, writing is often organized into paragraphs. A paragraph is usually about five sentences long. Each paragraph should talk about one idea. A new paragraph should talk about a new idea. Both paragraphs should help each other talk about the main idea of your writing. "Write a topic sentence at the beginning of each paragraph. It is one sentence that tells the reader the most important or main idea of your paragraph. "Write a concluding statement at the end of your writing. It summarizes the ideas in all of your paragraphs in one or two sentences. It helps your reader understand your ideas." Illustrate these terms with a visual on the board: Main idea: "Gazelles protect themselves." Paragraph 1 Topic Sentence: "Gazelles protect themselves by pronking." (+ 3 or 4 supporting sentences) Paragraph 2 Topic Sentence: Gazelles protect themselves by communicating with other gazelles. (+ 3 or 4 supporting sentences) Concluding Statement |
B. Reviewing Learning Targets (5 minutes)
"Based on the prompt, who will be your audience?" (Other students, teachers, and parents will read our writing.)
"What will be the purpose for your writing?" (Our purpose will be to teach our audience about our animal's defense mechanisms.)
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Work Time
Work Time | Meeting Students' Needs |
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A. Guided Practice: Planning the Introduction for an Informative Text (20 minutes)
"What is the question we are trying to answer in our research?" (What does your expert group animal look like? What is its habitat? What are its predators? How does my expert group animal use its body and behaviors to help it survive?)
"What topic will we be informing or teaching our reader about?" (We'll be teaching our reader about our expert group animal's defense mechanisms, or We'll be teaching the reader about how our expert group animal uses its body and behaviors to help it survive.)
"Informational texts are based on research the author does before writing and list sources used in research."
"What steps do writers go through when writing a text?" (Writers plan, draft, revise, edit, and publish their writing.)
"What kind of information do we need to include in our informative pieces?" (We need to include a physical description of our animal and information about its defense mechanisms and predators.)
"Since we organized our notes in Lesson 5, are we ready to begin drafting our pieces?" (They have not created a written plan and need to do so before writing.)
"Why is it important to plan our writing using a planning page?" (It will help us notice any gaps in our research, or It will help us think about the organization and flow of our writing, or It will help us make sure we are answering our research questions completely.)
"Look at the Informative Page Directions. How can we group the information in our writing?" (We can have one section to describe the animal and its predator, and one section to describe its defense mechanisms and how a predator would respond to the defense mechanisms.)
"Can you say more about that?" (Responses will vary.)
"Remember that modal auxiliaries are words that express the condition of a verb. Do you see any modal auxiliaries in the questions on this planning organizer?" (would) "What modal auxiliary might you use to respond to these questions?" (Example: The armadillo would ... or The springbok could ...)
"Why do you think that?" (Responses will vary.)
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Plan Draft Revise Edit Publish
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B. Guided Practice: Planning the Proof Paragraphs for an Informative Text (20 minutes)
"What strategies helped you succeed in planning the proof paragraphs? I'll give you time to think and discuss with a partner." (Responses will vary.)
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Closing & Assessments
Closing | Meeting Students' Needs |
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A. Research Reflection (5 minutes)
"Look at the boxes for the introduction and proof paragraphs. What information do you need to research further?"
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Homework
Homework | Meeting Students' Needs |
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A. Choose an Informative QuickWrite prompt in your homework resources to respond to. B. Accountable Research Reading. Select a prompt and respond in the front of your independent reading journal. |
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